Brazil's third most populous state, and the second most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo. Listed by the GaWC as a beta international city, Rio de Janeiro is the sixth most populous city within the Americas. A part of town has been designated as a World Heritage Site, named "Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea", on 1 July 2012 as a Cultural Landscape. Founded in 1565 by the Portuguese, the city was initially the seat of the Captaincy of Rio de Janeiro, a domain of the Portuguese Empire. In 1763, it became the capital of the State of Brazil, a state of the Portuguese Empire. In 1808, when the Portuguese Royal Courtroom moved to Brazil, Rio de Janeiro became the seat of the courtroom of Queen Maria I of Portugal. She subsequently, underneath the leadership of her son the prince regent João VI of Portugal, raised Brazil to the dignity of a kingdom, throughout the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and Algarves. Article was cre ated with the help of GSA Content Generator Dem oversi on!
Rio remained as the capital of the pluricontinental Lusitanian monarchy till 1822, when the Brazilian War of Independence began. This is one of the few instances in historical past that the capital of a colonizing nation formally shifted to a city in one in all its colonies. Rio de Janeiro subsequently served as the capital of the impartial monarchy, the Empire of Brazil, until 1889, and then the capital of a republican Brazil until 1960 when the capital was transferred to Brasília. This is estimated at R$343 billion. In town are the headquarters of Brazilian oil, mining, and telecommunications companies, together with two of the nation's main companies, Petrobras and Vale, and Latin America's largest telemedia conglomerate, Grupo Globo. The house of many universities and institutes, it's the second-largest heart of research and improvement in Brazil, accounting for 17 p.c of national scientific output in line with 2005 knowledge. Despite the excessive notion of crime, town really has a lower incidence of crime than most state capitals in Brazil.
Barra da Tijuca, Copacabana, Ipanema, and Leblon. In addition to the beaches, some of the most well-known landmarks embrace the enormous statue of Christ the Redeemer atop Corcovado mountain, named one in every of the brand new Seven Wonders of the World; Sugarloaf Mountain with its cable car; the Sambódromo (Sambadrome), a everlasting grandstand-lined parade avenue which is used during Carnival; and Maracanã Stadium, one of the world's largest football stadiums. Rio de Janeiro was the host of the 2016 Summer season Olympics and the 2016 Summer season Paralympics, making town the first South American and Portuguese-speaking city to ever host the events, and the third time the Olympics have been held in a Southern Hemisphere metropolis. The Maracanã Stadium held the finals of the 1950 and 2014 FIFA World Cups, the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup, and the XV Pan American Video games. The region of Rio was inhabited by the Tupi, Puri, Botocudo and Maxakalí peoples.
Europeans first encountered Guanabara Bay on 1 January 1502 (hence Rio de Janeiro, "January River"), throughout a Portuguese expedition underneath explorer Gaspar de Lemos, captain of a ship in Pedro Álvares Cabral's fleet, or underneath Gonçalo Coelho. Allegedly the Florentine explorer Amerigo Vespucci participated as observer at the invitation of King Manuel I in the identical expedition. In 1555, one of many islands of Guanabara Bay, now known as Villegagnon Island, was occupied by 500 French colonists below the French admiral Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon. Consequently, playstation 5 Villegagnon constructed Fort Coligny on the island when trying to determine the France Antarctique colony. Ultimately this French settlement turned a lot of a menace to the established Portuguese colony and in 1560 the order was made to eliminate them. A years-long military aggression was then initiated by the new Governor Common of Brazil Mem De Sa, and later continued by his nephew Estacio De Sa. On 20 January 1567, movebkk.com a remaining defeat was imposed on the French forces they usually were decisively expelled from Brazil for good.
It was named São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro, in honor of St. Sebastian, the saint who was the namesake and patron of the Portuguese then-monarch Sebastião. Rio de Janeiro was the title of Guanabara Bay. Till early within the 18th century, the town was threatened or invaded by a number of largely French pirates and buccaneers, comparable to Jean-François Duclerc and René Duguay-Trouin. Within the late seventeenth century, nonetheless in the course of the Sugar Period, the Bandeirantes found gold and diamonds in the neighboring captaincy of Minas Gerais, thus Rio de Janeiro turned a much more practical port for exporting wealth (gold, gamingdeals.shop treasured stones, apart from the sugar) than Salvador, Bahia, much farther northeast. Portuguese America was moved from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro. Town remained primarily a colonial capital till 1808, when the Portuguese royal family and most of the related Lisbon nobles, fleeing from Napoleon's invasion of Portugal, moved to Rio de Janeiro. The kingdom's capital was transferred to the town, which, thus, became the only European capital outdoors of Europe. This data has been done with the he lp of GS A Content Generator DEMO .