Nutritional intervention with argan oil. Comparisons are made between the platelet MDA level before and after the intervention period in the two groups. C: control group; AO: argan oil group. After a one-way ANOVA, Student-Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test, results are arranged in increasing order from left to right a > b (p < 0.05).argan oil had a higher plasma HDL-cholesterol levels than control patients. However, argan oil had no effect on circulating triglyceride levels after three weeks of intervention, whereas Derouiche et al. [25] reported that plasma triglyceride levels decreased significantly by 17.5 in healthy people consuming about 28 mL/day of argan oil over a 3-week period. Indeed, a lipid-lowering effect of argan oil has been reported in several other
PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/744568 studies involving either animals or healthy male subjects [41-43], but our results demonstrate for the first time the hypocholesterolemic effect of argan oil on dyslipidemic patients. There is now abundant evidence
2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoropropyl N,N'-diethylcarbamimidothioate trifluoromethanesulfonate that diets high in unsaturated fatty acids have a hypocholesterolemic effect when substituted for diets high in saturated fatty acids [44,45]. This has been showed by the beneficial effects of the "Mediterranean diet", which is attributed, besides the effects of fibers, complex carbohydrates, vegetable proteinsetc, to its high content of olive oil, which is an important source of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) (73 of oleic acid), whereas sunflower oil has a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (61.6 of linoleic acid) [46]. However, argan oil is also characterized by containing balanced proportions of MUFAs and PUFAs (44.8 oleic acid and 33.7 linoleic acid) [18]. Linoleic
PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3081428 acid (C18: 2n - 6) is an essential fatty acid, and is a precursor in the biosynthesis of arachidonic acid (C20: 4n - 6). Arachidonic-derived fatty acids, particularly -linolenic acid, are known to reduce the total cholesterol, VLDL, and LDL-cholesterol levels in human and rat serum [47,48]. In addition to unsaturated fatty acids, other minor components of argan oil, such as plant sterols, may also be implicated in the hypocholesterolemic effect of this oil. Phytosterols differ from cholesterol by having ethyl oraaaBaseline TxB2 platelet level ng/mg proteinsPlatelet GPx activity (nmoles/min/mg protein)aa b b bC AOC AObeforeafterbeforeafterbefore afterbeforeafterFigure 4 Platelet thromboxane B2 (TxB2) level after 3 weeks of nutritional intervention with argan oil. Comparisons are made between the platelet TxB2 level before and after the intervention period in the two groups. C: control group; AO: argan oil group. After a one-way ANOVA, Student-Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test, results are arranged in increasing order from left to right a > b (p < 0.05).Figure 6 Platelet glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity after 3 weeks of nutritional intervention with argan oil. Comparisons are made between the platelet GPx activity before and after the intervention period in the two groups. C: control group; AO: argan oil group. After a one-way ANOVA, Student-Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test, results are arranged in increasing order from left to right a > b (p < 0.05).Haimeur et al. Lipids in Health and Disease 2013, 12:107 http://www.lipidworld.com/content/12/1/Page 7 ofmethyl groups at carbon-24 and/or
Ethyl 5-bromo-6-chloropicolinate a double bond at carbon-22. These features increase their hydrophobicity and reduce their absorption [49]. Phytosterols compete with endogenous cholesterol for space within b.