And I’m curious how Lightning engineers are thinking about taproot and MuSig2 related channels and how the audience should think about their nearer term uses in Lightning, in contrast to something that I think a lot of Bitcoin hopefuls are thinking about, which is Point Time Locked Contracts (PTLCs) involving schnorr signatures and adaptor signatures. A5. No. If your only transactions involving virtual currency during 2020 were purchases of virtual currency with real currency, you are not required to answer yes to the Form 1040 question. This question, I guess, is for Murch, Greg or t-bast, but are there other layer 2 protocols that we see having an interest in contributing to some of these discussions? But I don’t think we’ll allow you to have any kind of multiplier, because one of the other ideas was that you could also just announce some UTXOs that you own, with the proof that you own them, with a total value of, for example, 2 bitcoin, and then that would grant you the ability to announce up to X times that in channels without having to point to any specific onchain output. So, making sure that you are actually pinning it and getting more value out of the attack than what you paid to actually make the pinning work is probably quite hard today, especially with the state of the mempool.<<br>br>
We’ll see if it continues to do so, or if it levels off somewhere and starts to stagnate. So, maybe this is an issue, maybe not, but we’ll have to think about it in more detail. So, unless there’s obvious timing, amount, and expiry values that lets you know that this is actually the same payment, at least the cryptography of the secrets that are shared will not let you correlate those two payments. Suspect to ransomware. Because transactions are made digitally and anonymously, bitcoin is the currency of choice when hackers hold an unsuspecting victim's data ransom. The system ensures security because if validators cheat or accept false transactions in the block, they lose their stake and are banned from the network. Small businesses may like them because there are no credit card fees. High price volatility and transaction fees make paying for small retail purchases with bitcoin impractical, according to economist Kim Grauer. They’re simply tokens issued on BNB Smart Chain that are "pegged" to assets on other chains (like BTC, XRP, USDT, etc.), meaning that they trade at the same price. The value of a Bitcoin fluctuates dramatically and because there are no controls there is nothing to stop money vanishing if the price tan
/p>
However, the world does that anyway, because it derives value from it compared to the value that it had to put in to get it. It is believed that this attack would be easier to execute when looking at the power consumption of a relatively complex hash function like SHA256 compared to a relatively trivial function like xor (binary addition). This type of fraud is most common with small market cap cryptocurrencies, as their prices are generally easier to inflate due to the low liquidity of these markets. I think we’re going to stick to a simple version, where you allow pointing to any type of output to pay for your channel. I’m making sure that whatever we’re building would actually be useful by these projects, I think that’s very important. That’s why we’re not doing that right now, and that’s why most people will just keep announcing the output that really corresponds to the channel so that when it gets spent, https://youtu.be/cm6PEK8uSss people actually notice it and can remove it from that graph and know that they cannot route through that channel anymore. PTLC fixes that by making sure that instead of using the preimage of a SHA256 hash and its hash, we’re going to use elliptic curve points and their pr
e keys.
So we’re only focusing on that funding output for now. So, you can point out any output that has sufficient funds to have basically funded that channel; I assume that means enough or more. So, this is a very nice improvement and it also opens the door to creating more things on top of normal payments like redundant overpayments. But with this, this kind of narrowly allows taproot channels as well, but it also opens the door for experimental channels. It’s also just a life headache, but it’s a judgment call, because right now, LN kind of works on firm handshakes, nobody’s attacking each other, nobody’s doing channel jamming, but that could all change overnight. What kind of work are miners performing? People make this argument because they are comparing Bitcoin in it’s current state to a modern currency. And yet this current spec, as it is recommending, is basically acquiring it. I’d say, to me, I have some experience working. The rest seems okay to me, actually, as far as complexity is concerned.