Tumors of the perianal space occur steadily in canines, and the 2 most typical tumors are perianal gland adenoma and anal sac adenocarcinoma; others reminiscent of mast cell tumor, lymphoma and melanoma may also occur at this site. Diagnostic cytology is a helpful method and is often used to ascertain a definitive analysis of some tumors in veterinary medicine. This report describes an especially uncommon case of a deep dermal and subcutaneous canine hemangiosarcoma within the perianal space. A 13-yr-previous intact male spaniel was introduced for analysis of a four × 4 cm, ulcerated, and hemorrhagic mass offered in the fitting perianal region. In cytologic evaluation, malignant mesenchymal tumor with inflammation was diagnosed, and incidental heart worm microfilaremia was recognized. Based on the cytologic evaluation, a punch biopsy (three mm, three sites) was conducted underneath anesthesia and deep dermal and subcutaneous hemangiosarcoma (three mitotic figures/10 excessive energy field (400×)) was diagnosed by histopathological evaluation. It was additionally confirmed by immunohistochemistry results for cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) and issue VIII-related antigen marker.
Deep dermal and subcutaneous hemangiosarcoma in the perianal region is a rare condition, and its prognosis is usually poor. Perianal gland dating adenoma and anal sac adenocarcinoma are the 2 most common tumors in the perianal region, but different several types of tumors might also occur as on this case; subsequently, correct diagnosis is required using cytology and/or histopathological examination. Benign adenomas represent over 81% of tumors of the perianal glands. Perianal gland adenoma is widespread in older intact male canine, but can occur in youthful, neutered, or female canines. Sheets and clusters of large ovoid to cuboidal cells with spherical nuclei and considerable cytoplasm, just like hepatocytes, are noticed in aspirates from this tumor. Anal sac adenocarcinoma principally occurs in older canines, and about one-third of the affected dogs are offered with difficulty in defecation. Cells from perianal gland adenoma and anal sac adenocarcinoma are of epithelial origin; thus, cellularity within the slides is usually high. Cellularity in cytologic samples of tumors of mesenchymal origin is normally low however may be average to high.
Cytologic diagnosis of hemangiosarcoma may be difficult for cytopathologists, and histopathology and immunohistochemistry are useful for establishing a definitive analysis. This report describes a particularly rare case of a deep dermal and subcutaneous canine hemangiosarcoma within the perianal area. A 13-year-old intact male spaniel was offered for the evaluation of a four × four cm, ulcerated, and hemorrhagic mass, since 3 months, in the right perianal area (Fig. 1a). The mass was flat and laborious 2 months ago, however had elevated in size since then. Two days earlier than the go to to the hospital, it had ruptured and shown hemorrhage. Ulcerated and hemorrhagic mass in the best perianal area. Fine-needle aspiration of the mass; b microfilaria and neutrophils. A CBC take a look at revealed regenerative, mild microcytic normochromic anemia (RBC: 5.09 M/μl, RI: 5.6-8.8; HCT: 30.7%, RI: 37.3-61.7; MCV: 60.Three fL, RI: 61-73.5; reticulocyte: 1.6%, RI: 0-1.2). A serum biochemistry profile showed increased ALT and GGT concentration (ALT: 193 U/L, RI: 10-130; GGT: 10 U/L, RI: 0-7). In the abdominal radiograph, the presence of fecal stasis within the descending colon was noticed, and the presence of feces in the anus couldn't be verified due to the mass.
Numerous erythrocytes as hemorrhagic manifestation with many microfilaria have been noticed throughout the slide. Erythrophagia and inflammatory cells equivalent to neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and macrophages were also observed. In a number of the fields, cell populations derived from mesenchymal origin with excessive-grade malignancy had been seen (elevated nucleus to cytoplasm ratio, macrokaryosis, anisokaryosis, anisonucleoliosis, meet women and distinct multiple nucleoli). Low cellularity, eosinophilic materials outdoors cells, and cytoplasmic look prompt that the cells have been derived from mesenchymal origins. Thus, malignant mesenchymal tumor with inflammation and heart worm infection was the diagnosis. Meinkoth JH, Cowell RL. Tyler RD. chapter 2. Cell varieties and standards of malignancy. In: Valenciano AC, Cowell RL, editors. Cowell and Thyler’s diagnostic cytology and hematology of the canine and cat. 4th ed. Beijing: Elsevier; 2014. p. Williams LE, Gliatto JM, Dodge RK, Johnson JL, Gamblin RM, Thamm DH, Lana SE, Szymkowski M, Moore AS. Veterinary cooperative oncology group. Carcinoma of the apocrine glands of the anal sac in canine: anal 113 circumstances (1985-1995). J Am Vet Med Assoc. This c ontent was creat ed wi th the he lp of GSA Content Generator DE MO!